HSE Management Components
Health, safety and environmental management should be part of the art work in a country with a view to
or duty of care
or economic reasons and
or legal reasons.
HSE management must therefore take into account five steps:
Technical data *
* Design and construction
* Installation and commissioning
* Operation and maintenance
* Changes after commissioning.
* Compliancerequires four essential elements:
* Identifying the security functions necessary for safe maintenance
* Assign an integrity level (SIL) for each safety function
* When using the life cycle for design and
* Check the achieved SIL for each safety function.
3.0 Code of Practice ENGINEERING
The engineering code of conduct included the following:
* Public Safety: priority to the safety and welfare offor the community, and that principle in assessing the requirements for customers, employers and colleagues.
* Risk Management: Taking reasonable steps to minimize the risk of loss of life, injury or suffering.
* Workplace and construction: Minimize the risks involved in construction and industrial products and processes to manufacture.
* Public Welfare
* Message
* Conflicts of interest
* Confidentiality
L 'Privilege of the art is done by qualified persons who are made responsible for the technical skills, scientific knowledge and ingenuity for the promotion of human welfare and quality of life. Basis of the behavior of engineers truth, honesty and reliability in their service practice in society, honestly and ethically by fairness, courtesy and good faith towards clients, colleagues and others. Engineers take social, cultural,, And safety aspects into account environmental and economic struggle for the efficient use of resources in the world to meet human needs in term of length.
4.0 SAFE project
Safety is a concern in almost all processes of the construction. The technician should be understood in the context of design and what it means to say that a design is safe to human injuries.
Current methods of design considerations priority economic environmentones. In some cases, economic considerations and environmental goals. For example, the minimization of the materials in a structure means that the resources are stored. If a product is stored at the expense of the length of life, then conflict of interest environmental considerations with economic require that the product resources as preserved as possible, because the need for as little as possible and waste in the long term.
Safety is theAntonym of risk. Thus, in a safe manner to the extent that the risk is reduced. Safe design is the risk in the normal sense of the word minimize.
A safe design is the combination of all these procedures and principles, by the engineers are used to make the defective or objects designed for security events occurring to human death or injury, long-term effects on health, environment, operation in general.
Several design strategies used for security measuresThe technology is potentially dangerous:
* Intrinsically Safe
* Safety factors
* Negative (auto off) and
* Multiple independent safety barriers.
Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA) is the most common way to assess the safety, but the drawings are used to reduce security risks in the standard (probabilistic) sense, but it is not sufficient. Security design strategies are used to estimate the likelihood of injury or uncertainties not only reduce the risks reduced. They are usedthe risks and contingencies that can not be assigned a significant probability here.
5.0 design principles IN ENGINEERING
There are four (4) the most important design principles in engineering practice.
(A) the design is intrinsically safe:
This minimizes the risks of the process as much as possible. The potential risks are excluded, rather than closed or directed. be replaced, for example, hazardous substances with less hazardous and refractory materials, rather thanthese flammable.
(B) safety factors
Construction should be strong enough to load and noise of those who will resist. One common way to get security reserves for use in explicitly chosen numerical safety factors. If a safety factor is used by two (2) for the construction of a bridge, the bridge will be calculated at twice the maximum load, hold, to be exposed in practice.
(C) the negative feedback mechanisms
This isintroduced to achieve self-extinguishing when the equipment fails or if the operator loses control. Examples are safety valves which allow the steam when the pressure is too high in a steam boiler and place of the dead, that the train when the driver stops to sleep. One of the most important security measures in the nuclear field is to ensure that the reactors shut down automatically in critical situations.
(D) has several independent safety barriers
Safety barriers are madeChains, so that every barrier is independent of its predecessors (if the first fails, the second is still intact). The first barrier to prevent accidents, to limit the barriers of the consequences of an accident and emergency services as a last resort.
Safety factors and multiple safety barriers facing the uncertainties and risks. But now Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA) is used, but not to deal with uncertainties. probabilistic calculations to support, not replaceethically responsible decision Engineers 'l' (environment, health and safety culture).
Safety engineering principles, the training of operators, maintenance of equipment and facilities and the frequency of reporting are examples of Security Services of general importance.
6.0 HEALTH, SAFETY and environmental management in industry
The engineering profession is expected to announce, safety and environmental health managementBecause of the complexity of the production of the profession and its impact on the lives of the general population. As we have taken this long in our professional practices?
Seven (7) poor technical processes have been identified:
"Will" * The belief that if something is not specified, or or "not" rules, has to make an engineer not worry.
To think * that meet the minimum requirements, the process is safe and meetsthe standard.
* Ignore the importance of good engineering practice.
* Development of systems that the economic needs, but not the need to protect security.
* Neglect of human factors (errors in the calculations, etc.)
* Focus on cost of capital and not to the life-cycle costs.
* Focusing only on the Integrity Level (SIL) and not on prevention.
Security is a precondition for the ethical rules of the art. Strategies for the safe design are not only used to reduceestimated probability of accidents, but also to the risks and the possibility can not be assigned probabilities that much. The designers have an ethical responsibility for buildings that are safe for future use should be made. Security is concerned, certain classes of events to avoid to avoid the morally correct one.
In the engineering design, safety always occur regardless of the security against accidental death or injury as a result of unintentional human use of the proposedsubject:
* Avoid damage to the environment
* Avoid long-term effects on health
Designed For example, if a bridge collapses, the engineers who are held accountable.
Planners and developers have to clear security in the use of scaffolding, network tool, tool boxes, mechanical systems and equipment for use in security procedures, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) sites obey (boots / helmets), the steps and street art , strips of constructionfence in the areas of employment, etc. Most engineers have overlooked this aspect, the game with the lives of the general population.
What the engineers have lasting impact on the security and define our level of environmental, health and safety culture.
7.0 ethical obligations ENGINEERING IN PRACTICE
ethical obligations are necessary for engineers to carry out their profession is. Without the obligation of confidentiality, clients might not trust engineers commercially sensitive information. Without that information, can not the engineers do their job. The moral obligations of our profession as obligations that are necessary to understand.
There are five (5) core values ??of ethical obligations require:
* Protection of life and protect people.
* Professionalism, integrity and competence
* Commitment to community / public health
* Sustainable management and maintenance of> Environment
* Support for the Knowledge and Data
Engineering Practice 8.0 REQUIREMENTS
* Engineers maintains the utmost safety and environmental health and well-being of citizens in the exercise of their profession.
* Applies only to engineers in practice their field or industry, carefully and conscientiously and in accordance with the rules, laws, regulations, rules and regulations applicable to engineering practice.
* Engineers examine the companyand the environmental impact of their actions and projects, including the use and conservation of resources and energy to make decisions and recommendations ..
* Engineers should declare their interests clear.
* Engineers must sign and assume responsibility for all technical work, which have filed or served directly. Engineers to prepare a sign of work by others only with their consent and after sufficient testing and verification.
* Engineers shall actas faithful agents for their employers or customers and the confidentiality, prevent conflicts of interest, as far as possible and disclose conflicts inevitable.
* Technical problems professionals must be known, are the customers and the consequences of technical decisions or judgments.
* Engineers should refuse all public works, the technical decisions or practices which endanger the HSE to the public.
* The engineers are committed to continuing education are committed to the body fromEngineering knowledge and engineers should encourage others to do the same.
* Engineers must promote responsibility, commitment and ethics, both in training and practice of design. They should increase their awareness of the responsibility of the engineer company to the public and encourage reporting on these principles of ethical conduct among engineers.
9.0 HSE sustainability management
This is about the long-term survival of humanity. He recognizes that the decisionsnow become necessary, enable the present and the people make in the foreseeable future, effective decisions about their quality of life.
Failure to follow the safety regulations to identify risks and the inability to address or manage these risks can lead to enormous costs, both human and economic. The interdisciplinary nature of safety engineering means that a very wide range of professionals are actively involved in accident prevention or safety engineering.
A threat to critical hits orfew people. A risk for catastrophic failure, damage, or kills a significant number of people. Engineer to integrate error or inability to HSE management in his practice spells disaster.
10.0 The WAY IN THE FUTURE
Everyone needs to strengthen its understanding of HSE awareness, so that security is a priority. In addition, the most cost-effective solutions are developed to achieve return on investment.
Engineers take the first draft of a system to analyze the error to find whatmay occur, and then beat safety requirements before the design specifications and modifications to existing systems to make the system more secure.
If the major security problems are discovered late in the development process, you can correct and very expensive. This type of error has the potential to waste large sums of money.
* At any time, take all reasonable measures to ensure that your work and the consequences of its actions to prevent any unacceptable risks lead to security.
* Take all reasonable stepsYour management and customer and make to those to whom it is a duty of care aware of the risks identified.
* Do not neglect your passport or professional advice formally aware of the consequent risks.
* E "is crucial for engineers to the owners keep a broad and deep knowledge in professional practice and many problems that are inevitably encountered in their public role as an employee. This is appropriate education and training achieved by;Experience, driving license, the practice of professional development and professional development.
11.0 CONCLUSION
The practice of art as the construction industry is the means of social and economic development, the barometer of economic activity and a very large employer of labor in Nigeria. It represents over 60% of investment in total capital. It is the largest employer (think of all the electrical, mechanical, civil, chemical, and jobs in computerIndustry).
Health, safety and environment, the property is concerned with life and work should be taken seriously in. Security measures to prevent accidents, diseases and adverse health effects of public sector activities on site and off-site or nearby to prevent.
A good HSE management is visible in a country by the quality of the professional ethics of professional engineers, including the amounttheir values ??and health of their environment, ie the degree of cleanliness (hygiene and public toilets).
It can only be developed through personal commitment, will and self-sacrifice for long-term benefits and short it. Habit HSE management begins with an awareness of safety. Awareness of safety at home with each and every one of us and should be considered along with our professional practices.
People should realize that their healthand well-being are tied to the quality of their environment and apply the principles just felt the environment to improve the quality of their.
As engineers, we lead others to be security conscious at all times and made to do something that cause accidents to dispense. The safety measures for all our daily activities and take our safety and that of others around us as our responsibility to be applied in particular in our practice.
Finally, whenThe engineers we should be the goals of sustainable health, safety, environmental management and is part of our engineering practice today for the relevance of our profession of tomorrow. It is only when this the fact that our work ethic useful to know for sure that will have the products of our labor practices a major impact on the lives of the citizens of this country as a whole.
Health, Safety & Environmental Management is then usednot only necessary, but it remains an essential element of our work ethics in the practice of engineering in Nigeria and elsewhere, and this must always be supported by all.
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